KEY CONCEPTS
Understanding the ideas shaping our future
CORE AI CONCEPTS
50 OF 50 CONCEPTS
The Singularity
12 CONCEPTS
The Singularity
When artificial superintelligence transforms everything
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Law of Accelerating Returns
Technological progress is exponential, not linear
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Intelligence Explosion
The rapid recursive self-improvement of AI
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Recursive Self-Improvement
AI systems that enhance their own capabilities
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Takeoff Scenarios
How fast will the transition to superintelligence occur?
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Nanotechnology
Engineering at the molecular scale
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Molecular Assembler
Device that builds products atom by atom
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Dyson Sphere
Megastructure to capture a star's total energy output
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Matrioshka Brain
Star-powered megacomputer for ultimate computation
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Computronium
Hypothetical optimal computing matter
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Kardashev Scale
Classifying civilizations by energy consumption
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Von Neumann Probes
Self-replicating spacecraft for galactic exploration
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Machine Intelligence
11 CONCEPTS
Artificial General Intelligence
AI that matches human cognitive abilities across all domains
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Artificial Superintelligence
AI that vastly exceeds human intelligence in all domains
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Scaling Laws
The empirical observation driving AI progress
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Agentic AI
Autonomous AI systems that plan and act independently
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AI Alignment
Ensuring AI systems pursue intended goals safely
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Instrumental Convergence
Why advanced AI systems pursue similar subgoals
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Orthogonality Thesis
Intelligence and goals are independent
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Embodied AI
Intelligence that acts in the physical world
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Automated Science
AI that makes discoveries humans cannot
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Corrigibility
AI that allows itself to be corrected
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Mesa-Optimization
When AI creates its own internal optimizers
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Human Enhancement
11 CONCEPTS
Transhumanism
Transcending human limitations through technology
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Longevity Escape Velocity
Outrunning death through continuous medical progress
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SENS
Strategies for Engineered Negligible Senescence
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The Merge
The integration of human and artificial intelligence
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Brain-Computer Interfaces
Direct communication between brain and machine
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Whole Brain Emulation
Uploading minds to digital substrate
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Digital Immortality
Preserving consciousness beyond biological death
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Cryonics
Preserving the body at death for future revival
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Genetic Engineering
Editing the code of life
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Synthetic Biology
Engineering life at the molecular level
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Morphological Freedom
The right to modify your own body and mind
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Philosophy of Mind
6 CONCEPTS
Proactionary Principle
Freedom to innovate vs. precautionary restriction
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Substrate Independence
Mind as pattern, not matter
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Personal Identity
What makes you "you" over time?
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Hard Problem of Consciousness
Why does subjective experience exist?
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Simulation Hypothesis
Are we living in a computer simulation?
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Roko's Basilisk
The thought experiment that must not be named
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Existential Risk
6 CONCEPTS
Fermi Paradox
Where is everybody?
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Existential Risk
Threats that could end human civilization
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The Great Filter
Why the universe appears empty of intelligent life
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Moloch
The god of coordination failures
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Paperclip Maximizer
The classic AI alignment thought experiment
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Grey Goo
Self-replicating nanotechnology catastrophe
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Economics & Society
4 CONCEPTS
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